Shotokan Karate Magazine, July, 2004 - There is a well known photo of Gichin Funakoshi in his 80’sperforming kumite. In the photo, Funakoshi has grabbed the right wrist of the attacker with his left hand,and is delivering a right upper level reverse punch (jodangyaku-zuki) using a middle-knuckle fist (nakadaka-ken). Some Shotokan practition-ers look at that photo and observe,“How spry and healthy he was.Shotokan karate is clearly an excellent health regimen.” Other practitioners (notably those whose lineage trace more to theShoto-kai) react with, “See, O-sensei was using a middle-knuckle fist. That proves that we should be doing the same.”Practitioners with an intimate knowledge of the use of pressure points (jintainokyusho), however, draw the following conclusion, “Gichin Funakoshi understood and used pressure point fighting methods (kyusho-jitsu).” (
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